A study performed at Hospital Universitari Vall d’Hebron in Spain examined the influence of noise on newborns by continuously measuring environmental noise levels, heart rate, mean arterial pressure and oxygen saturation for a preterm newborn for 56 hours in two different locations, for three different types of time intervals (quiet, noisy and nursing). In the NICU, the main sources of noise are alarms, the opening and closing of the incubator’s drawer and door, loud conversations, equipment ventilators, the sound of mobile phones, using furniture and normal conversations. The research staff carried out continuous direct observation and wrote down the source of the sounds, including nursing manipulation, and the approximate time interval of its occurrence. All information was transferred in real time to MetaVision and was later extracted for the study. The authors found that noise altered all of the physiological variables considered, aside from the maximal HR and the maximal SpO2, and had an effect on the newborn that was similar to that of nursing.  Regulation of noise in the NICU should take into account both sustained noise and isolated short noises inside the cot and should limit the averaged sound level and the maximum noise level.

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